An investigation to establish consumer perceptions towards the Literature review

An investigation to establish consumer perceptions towards the introduction of medical spas on the UK high-street - Literature review Example Some call them a place of body massage and some name as a therapy centre or skin treatment centre (Harmsworth, 2004). According to ISPA (International Spa Association), medical spas are institutions that provide wellness care and medical services altogether. Such institutions integrate medical and spa services in order to bring a combined facilitation. Forever Laser Institute Geneva provides combined facilitation. They hire medical practitioners and Spa therapists to integrate medical-spa services for the clients (Tray, 2007). According to Richard Foxx (director at Aqua Serena Spa), medical spas are organizations which have onsite present physician. The physician assures patients physical care and activities related to spa and massaging (Esq, 2004). These days medical spas are been famous with cosmetic procedures. The preference is of the non surgical procedures because they have fewer side effects and carries less expense than any of the surgical treatment or operation (Mayo, 2013). Such medical spas apply Botox, Laser hair removal, microdermabrasion or laser lioplysis procedures. These are purely non surgical and based on dermatological treatment for facial and skin development (Mayo, 2013). Medical spas use Botox procedures for wrinkle treatment, neck spasms, and even chronic migraines which are not possibly cured by any of the surgical treatment (Mayo , 2013). Similarly many of the medical spas adapt microdermabrasion and laser lioplysis procedures for skin treatment and facial development (Cordle, 2012). Literature Review According to the modern literature,

Orthodontic Processes Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Orthodontic Processes - Essay Example While patient compliance could be a potential aid in this respect, the prospect of white spots as a consequence of enamel deminseralization has had severe consequences for patient compliance and hence overall dental care. In this respect it is necessary that future studies are directed towards development of treatment strategies which are not centred on patience complinace alone. Fluoride varnishes are an upcoming methodology that is increasingly being used to resolve this issue. This proposal shall aim to address this increasingly used method to promote existing orthodontic processes. It has been previously demonstarted that fluoride therapy may have some efficacy in reducing demineralization (O'reilly etal 1987) and indeed in having a protective effect against plaque formation (Ten Cate and Duyster 1983, Silverstone 1978). Furthermore a recent invitro study by Timothy Foley and Manish Aggarwal (2002) has further reestablished the role of protective role of fluoride against demineralization processes. Drawing from these studies it is possible to speculate that flouride varnish if applied on teeth might have some potential for attenuating the deminaralization process (Vivalidi et al Todd et al 1999). The in effect is the working hypothesis underlying this proposal. The primary objective of this study would be to examine whether flouride varnish applied on the teeth might reduce this deminaralization. Given that the fluroide application in the varnish protocol is essentially an anticipatory blocking procedure that does not necessitate patient compliance, it serves orthodontists to gain from the bond strength of composite resins and does not suffer from constraints of development of stagnation areas in the dental environment. Experimental design - Materials and Methods The experimental design is an attempt to study the efficay of flouride varnish (Cavity shield by Omni products) in an invitro setting in preventing/attenuating the demineralization process. The materials and methods that shall be used for this purpose is described below One hundred eighty extracted, caries-free, fully developed molars shall be were selected, cleaned, and stored in deionized water. Care shall be taken to ensure that the potential effect of intraoral topical fluoride on the molars selected for the study would be minimal (ensured by the limited time the teeth remain in the oral cavity). The teeth were polished with fluoride-free dental prophylactic paste to remove any fine debris, rinsed with deionized water, and randomly allocated to the following 2 test groups: group 1, control or vehicle group with no flouride group 2, treatment group with flouride varnish (Cavity shield by Omni products)applied on them . This study design can be shown as presented beneath; Fig 1. Flow diagram showing division of sub groups in the experiment. After allowing the varnish to dry for 5min, all teeth in both groups 1 and 2 were stored in separate beakers of a 200ml artificial saliva solution consisting of 20mmol/l NaHCO3, 3mmol/l NaH2PO4, and 1mmol/l CaCl2, at neutral pH for further processing during the duration of the experimental period. Further to that all teeth in each group shall be removed, rinsed